General Letters in Mathematics

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Irrational Outputs from Rational Inputs in Theta-3 Functions Using Dirichlet’s Theorem

Akram Louiz

Theta Functions are not an easy subject of mathematics because new researches about this wide topic are still being published regularly. The findings about Theta Functions lead directly to many applications in different fields of applied mathematics and help also to develop old interesting mathematical ...

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A new Approach to Hyper Dual Split Quaternions with Different Polar Representation

Ali ATASOY , Faik BABADA˘G

Hamilton first introduced quaternions in 1843 as a way to represent rotations in three dimensional space, and since then, they have become the important tool in many fields. One advantage of quaternions over other methods of representing rotations is their ability to avoid the problem of gimbal lock, ...

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Solving first-order systems of linear hyperbolic partial differential equations using fast Fourier transform

Yousef Zahaykah , Mahmood Jwailes

In this paper, we address the exact solution of the general first-order systems of linear hyperbolic partial differential equations using the Fourier transformation technique. This transformation converts the system from the physical domain into a system of first-order ordinary differential equations ...

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A mathematical letter about a condition that makes a Diophantine equation have no natural numbers as a solution

Akram Louiz

In this short mathematical letter, we introduce an interesting result about the powers of a general form of Diophantine equations. This work gives a condition that makes this Diophantine equation have no possible natural numbers as a solution or have specific prime numbers as a solution. The ...

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Some remarkable notes related to the Collatz conjecture

Hayat Rezgui

The aim of this short paper is to mention (and demonstrate) some very important results related to the Collatz conjecture. We will show the truth of this conjecture, in special cases, using reasoning by recurrence. We conclude that there is only one case where no one have not yet reached any conclusion ...

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Modelling and Forecasting the Impact of Exchange Rates, Public Debt, and Tourism Inflows on Kenyas Economic Growth Using Machine Learning Techniques

Maurice Wanyonyi , Titus Mutua Kioko , John Kiluyi Wafula , Obwoge Frankline Keraro , Jacqueline Akelo Gogo , Abraham Kipkemei Maiyo

Accurate forecasting of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth is vital for effective economic planning, particularly in structurally volatile economies like Kenya. This study investigates the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) models in forecasting Kenyas GDP growth and compares their performance with ...

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Application of Toeplitz five-band monotone convergent boundary value method for numerical solution of fourth-order boundary value problems

Olaiya Olumide O. , Mark I. Modebei

This paper presents the development and analysis of a Toeplitz five-band monotone convergence boundary value method for the numerical solution of fourth-order boundary value problems (BVPs). The proposed approach is constructed by assembling linear multistep schemes into a block framework, derived systematically ...

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Sharp Geometric Inequality Estimation On Submanifolds in (LCS)n-manifolds Under the Infinitesimal CL-transformation

Mohd Danish Siddiqi , Tu˘gba Mert

In this article, we investigate the submanifold of an (LCS)n manifold ¯L under the infinitesimal CL-transformation. Then, given a submanifold of an (LCS)n manifold ¯L under the infinitesimal CL-transformation, we derive the generalized Wintgen inequality. We compute curvature identities and ...

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